[erochow]

One of my friends lost a hive this week. He opened it and there were no live bees, a few dead bees, but the frames were full of signs of nosema.

a few questions:

Is this nosema?

Can one re-use these frames? Do they have to be cleaned somehow first?

AND there were these crystals in the honeycomb, is this crystallized honey?

thanks for all your help here, i've learned a lot. eric.

 

[Beeslave]

The top frame is caused by dysentary and the bottom frame shows crystalized honey.

 

[Robert Brenchley]

Dysentery can be caused by nosema, but there are other things as well. I find it tends to appear any time there's somthing wrong in a hive, or when they've been confined by long cold periods, and then it warms up. What do the broodframes look like?