John....you're already at the "are your hives ready for Winter" chapter and my hives are only halfway through the book.....one add'l bit of info...the hives, except for the "little-swarm" nuc, are new, 3lb. Italian packages this Spring..one installed at the beginning of April, one at the end. I also had no comb whatsoever either, so my bees/hives have to:
A. Get 20 deep frames of foundation drawn out, starting the season with a small, make-shift family of strange bees and a young queen of unknown ability, that all smell different.
B. Defy adversities that would discourage almost anything, while struggling to get their numbers increased to an adequate size to defend themselves through the dearth and function as a productive hive going into the Fall.
C. And last, but certainly not least, deal with a first-time beekeeper caring for them...screwing up and irritating them beyond anything they likely have had to deal with before and actually stay there while taking it all in stride.
Frankly, they likely are barely clinging to hope, that the Winter is survivable for them at this point.