@GregV which entrance holes do your bees prefer, lower or upper, on the Layens or modified Layens
They prefer top entrances
hands down - end of story.
There could be some variation, but the top holes always have solid usage.
If you have entrance setup like pictured below AND you have the top holes opened, expect the bees fighting for the small upper hole, while the larger bottom hole will be half-used.
And so - in summer I plug up the upper most hole(s) as counter-productive.
The top holes are only essential in winter/early spring for ventilation and for actual entry in cold conditions (bottom entry is too cold).
One more essential reason to have the upper hole(s) plugged/tapped in summer - honey and brood orientation on the large frames (this is specifically the large frame feature).
The bottom entrance pulls the brood down and by fall you'd have good brood/honey allocation on the frame - brood on the bottom/honey band above it.
With the top hole(s), you'd have not an optimal picture - brood up front and too high/honey on the back.