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CCD/Neonicotinoid Data (Studies, Articles, Links)

88K views 214 replies 40 participants last post by  Litsinger 
#1 ·
Use this thread to post Articles, Studies or Links that apply to the topic of CCD.
This will allow members to have all supporting data in one place.

This thread is NOT for discussion.
Post supporting data only. Discuss data in other threads.
 
#109 · (Edited)
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 26;7(1):1201. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01361-8.

A common neonicotinoid pesticide, thiamethoxam, impairs honey bee flight ability.


Tosi S1,2,3, Burgio G4, Nieh JC5.
Abstract



Pesticides can pose environmental risks, and a common neonicotinoid pesticide, thiamethoxam, decreases homing success in honey bees. Neonicotinoids can alter bee navigation, but we present the first evidence that neonicotinoid exposure alone can impair the physical ability of bees to fly. We tested the effects of acute or chronic exposure to thiamethoxam on the flight ability of foragers in flight mills. Within 1 h of consuming a single sublethal dose (1.34 ng/bee), foragers showed excitation and significantly increased flight duration (+78%) and distance (+72%). Chronic exposure significantly decreased flight duration (-54%), distance (-56%), and average velocity (-7%) after either one or two days of continuous exposure that resulted in bees ingesting field-relevant thiamethoxam doses of 1.96-2.90 ng/bee/day. These results provide the first demonstration that acute or chronic exposure to a neonicotinoid alone can significantly alter bee flight. Such exposure may impair foraging and homing, which are vital to normal colony function and ecosystem services.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28446783
 
#110 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

These results provide the first demonstration that acute or chronic exposure to a neonicotinoid alone can significantly alter bee flight. Such exposure may impair foraging and homing, which are vital to normal colony function and ecosystem services.
I'll bet acute or chronic exposure to ANY insecticide can alter bee flight. Or may impair foraging and homing.
 
#112 ·
Chronic exposure to neonicotinoids reduces honey bee health near corn crops

Chronic exposure to neonicotinoids reduces honey bee health near corn crops

N. Tsvetkov1, O. Samson-Robert2, K. Sood1, H. S. Patel1, D. A. Malena1, P. H. Gajiwala1, P. Maciukiewicz1, V. Fournier2, A. Zayed1,* + See all authors and affiliations Science 30 Jun 2017: Vol. 356, Issue 6345, pp. 1395-1397 DOI: 10.1126/science.aam7470

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6345/1395​
Abstract

Experiments linking neonicotinoids and declining bee health have been criticized for not simulating realistic exposure. Here we quantified the duration and magnitude of neonicotinoid exposure in Canada’s corn-growing regions and used these data to design realistic experiments to investigate the effect of such insecticides on honey bees. Colonies near corn were naturally exposed to neonicotinoids for up to 4 months—the majority of the honey bee’s active season. Realistic experiments showed that neonicotinoids increased worker mortality and were associated with declines in social immunity and increased queenlessness over time. We also discovered that the acute toxicity of neonicotinoids to honey bees doubles in the presence of a commonly encountered fungicide. Our work demonstrates that field-realistic exposure to neonicotinoids can reduce honey bee health in corn-growing regions.
 
#116 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

OT that is a different study about oilseed rape in 3 different countries, bees did badly in the UK and Hungary but somehow did well in Germany. The one mentioned by Bernhard was carried out in Canada in cornfield areas. This might be in that province where losses were very high and I remember one of those beekeepers mentioning his bees bringing in pollen from the corn. It was suggested if that was the case then in all probability his bees were probably starving. 2017 has been the poorest spring I have seen in the 7 years I have kept bees with just about 4 weeks of flow and then only about 5 acres of crops I have planted for them in my home area. Took in very little honey from 4 outyards and the bees have very little stores so will have to feed heavily to get them stores for winter. However I have hundreds of acres of corn all around my home area and have yet to see any of my bees in the cornfields.
Johno
 
#118 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

bees did badly in the UK and Hungary but somehow did well in Germany.
@bernhard
I´m not able to read all the scientific work.
Do you know why this differences are? Is it the mixture of neocotinoides with other chemicals or how much is used or the time of day it is used or the technic?
Thanks, Sibylle
 
#119 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

Some would say "location location location " all beekeeping is local. The opinions are that poorly nourished bees do not fare well against stresses produced by insecticides and mite vectored viruses and other diseases. Diversity in bee forage appears to be key to a great deal of bee problems.
Johno
 
#120 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

Some would say "location location location " all beekeeping is local. The opinions are that poorly nourished bees do not fare well against stresses produced by insecticides and mite vectored viruses and other diseases. Diversity in bee forage appears to be key to a great deal of bee problems.
Johno
Could be but locale changes in the same country too.
 
#121 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

Rather local politics. Certain pesticide company headquarters are located in Germany. It is said, they have some influence on certain scientific institutions (and politicians, journalists,...)
I heared. :shhhh:
 
#123 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

Rather local politics. Certain pesticide company headquarters are located in Germany. It is said, they have some influence on certain scientific institutions (and politicians, journalists,...)
I heared. :shhhh:
:)

I heared Randolf Menzel was involved. He is known but I don´t know which side he is on. He seems to go against the neonics though.
Since the deal bayer-monsanto some problems seem to develop for bayer because of california law. ( since they are under US law now). Who knows maybe it does´t pay in future for them.
 
#122 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

bernhard
That is the position that the pbs new broadcast took when they reported on it last night. They said bayer paid for the study in germany.
Cheers
gww
 
#125 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

I believe Bayer and Syngenta paid for most of the whole study and that the reason that the German bees were not effected was because they were healthier bees!
Johno
Nice to know.
Maybe the observed ones were TF survivors.:scratch:
I have yet to see treated hives here which survive one season being TF. Health could really be an illusion.
 
#126 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

From what I can gather from B-L archives the paper involved is behind a pay wall and not many have actually read the paper, what has been read are the articles published by organizations that have a biased opinion based on their own agenda. There are some who feel that the conclusions reached are within colony variables and in fact state that the UK side was of not much value as most of the controls as well as the neonic fed bees did not survive the winter. So in fact the results like beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
Johno
 
#127 ·
Re: Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine recept

SiWolke, yes perhaps the colonies in the UK were TF survivors. And yes I have yet to see a TF hive survive a winter in my area.
See what I mean about the eye of the beholder.
Johno
 
#128 ·
Gene expression changes in honey bees induced by sublethal imidacloprid exposure duri

Gene expression changes in honey bees induced by sublethal imidacloprid exposure during the larval stage

Ming-Cheng Wua, Yu-Wen Changa, Kuang-Hui Lub, En-Cheng Yanga

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.06.016

Abstract

Honey bee larvae exposed to sublethal doses of imidacloprid show behavioural abnormalities as adult insects. Previous studies have demonstrated that this phenomenon originates from abnormal neural development in response to imidacloprid exposure. Here, we further investigated the global gene expression changes in the heads of newly emerged adults and observed that 578 genes showed more than 2-fold changes in gene expression after imidacloprid exposure. This information might aid in understanding the effects of pesticides on the health of pollinators. For example, the genes encoding major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), a group of multifunctional proteins with significant roles in the sustainable development of bee colonies, were strongly downregulated. These downregulation patterns were further confirmed through analyses using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction on the heads of 6-day-old nurse bees. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that sublethal doses of imidacloprid affect mrjp expression and likely weaken bee colonies.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965174817301005
 
#129 ·
Re: Gene expression changes in honey bees induced by sublethal imidacloprid exposure

Oh...just another one...

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, pp 1–6

Impact of Thiamethoxam on Honey Bee Queen (Apis mellifera carnica) Reproductive Morphology and Physiology

Ivana Tlak Gajger, Martina Sakač, Aleš Gregorc

Abstract

High honey bee losses around the world have been linked in part by the regular use of neonicotinoids in agriculture. In light of the current situation, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thiamethoxam on the development of the reproductive system and physiology in the honey bee queen. Two experimental groups of honey bee queen larvae were treated with thiamethoxam during artificial rearing, applied via artificial feed in two cycles. In the first rearing cycle, honey bee larvae received a single treatment dose (4.28 ng thiamethoxam/queen larva on the 4th day after larvae grafting in artificial queen cells), while the second honey bee queen rearing cycle received a double treatment dose (total of 8.56 ng thiamethoxam/queen larva on the 4th and 5th day after larvae grafting in artificial queen cells). After emerging, queens were anesthetized and weighed, and after mating with drones were anesthetized, weighed, and sectioned. Ovary mass and number of stored sperm were determined. Body weight differed between untreated and treated honey bee queens. The results also show a decrease in the number of sperm within honey bee queen spermathecae that received the double thiamethoxam dose.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00128-017-2144-0​
 
#132 ·
Re: Gene expression changes in honey bees induced by sublethal imidacloprid exposure

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284386/

Furthermore, their mode of action enables new strategies for pest control that profit from the existing synergies between these substances and either other chemicals or microorganisms. As a result, there are a wide range of uses available, including seed coating and root bathing, as invertebrate pest control in agriculture, horticulture, orchards, forestry, veterinary applications, and fish farming. However, these same properties have led to problems. Specifically, their widespread (Main et al. 2014) and prophylactic use, their systemic properties in plants, their broad spectrum of toxicity in invertebrates, and the persistence and environmental fate of parent compounds and metabolites renders them potentially harmful to a broad range of non-target organisms.
 
#134 ·
Planting of neonicotinoid-coated corn raises honey bee mortality and sets back colony

Planting of neonicotinoid-coated corn raises honey bee mortality and sets back colony development.

Abstract
Worldwide occurrences of honey bee colony losses have raised concerns about bee health and the sustainability of pollination-dependent crops. While multiple causal factors have been identified, seed coating with insecticides of the neonicotinoid family has been the focus of much discussion and research. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated the impacts of these insecticides under field conditions or in commercial beekeeping operations. Given that corn-seed coating constitutes the largest single use of neonicotinoid, our study compared honey bee mortality from commercial apiaries located in two different agricultural settings, i.e. corn-dominated areas and corn-free environments, during the corn planting season. Data was collected in 2012 and 2013 from 26 bee yards. Dead honey bees from five hives in each apiary were counted and collected, and samples were analyzed using a multi-residue LC-MS/MS method. Long-term effects on colony development were simulated based on a honey bee population dynamic model. Mortality survey showed that colonies located in a corn-dominated area had daily mortality counts 3.51 times those of colonies from corn crop-free sites. Chemical analyses revealed that honey bees were exposed to various agricultural pesticides during the corn planting season, but were primarily subjected to neonicotinoid compounds (54% of analysed samples contained clothianidin, and 31% contained both clothianidin and thiamethoxam). Performance development simulations performed on hive populations’ show that increased mortality during the corn planting season sets back colony development and bears contributions to collapse risk but, most of all, reduces the effectiveness and value of colonies for pollination services. Our results also have implications for the numerous large-scale and worldwide-cultivated crops that currently rely on pre-emptive use of neonicotinoid seed treatments.

Samson-Robert O, Labrie G, Chagnon M, Fournier V. (2017)
PeerJ5:e3670 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3670
 
#136 ·
Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on targeting muscle and ribosomal protein related genes in the honey bee Apis mellifera L.

Yan-Yan Wu, Qi-Hua Luo, Chun-Sheng Hou, Qiang Wang, Ping-Li Dai, Jing Gao, Yong-Jun Liu & Qing-Yun Diao
Scientific Reports 7, Article number: 15943 (2017)
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16245-0

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-16245-0

Abstract
A sublethal concentration of imidacloprid can cause chronic toxicity in bees and can impact the behavior of honey bees. The nectar- and water-collecting, and climbing abilities of bees are crucial to the survival of the bees and the execution of responsibilities in bee colonies. Besides behavioral impact, data on the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of imidacloprid, especially by the way of RNA-seq at the transcriptomic level, are limited. We treated Apis mellifera L. with sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid (0.1, 1 and 10 ppb) and determined the effect on behaviors and the transcriptomic changes. The sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid had a limited impact on the survival and syrup consumption of bees, but caused a significant increase in water consumption. Moreover, the climbing ability was significantly impaired by 10 ppb imidacloprid at 8 d. In the RNA-seq analysis, gene ontology (GO) term enrichment indicated a significant down-regulation of muscle-related genes, which might contribute to the impairment in climbing ability of bees. The enriched GO terms were attributed to the up-regulated ribosomal protein genes. Considering the ribosomal and extra-ribosomal functions of the ribosomal proteins, we hypothesized that imidacloprid also causes cell dysfunction. Our findings further enhance the understanding of imidacloprid sublethal toxicity.
 
#139 ·
#144 ·
Re: Gene expression changes in honey bees induced by sublethal imidacloprid exposure

Effect of Sublethal Doses of Clothianidin and/or V. destructor on Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Health, Behavior and Associated Gene Expression

Autor: Morfin Ramirez, Nuria
Department: School of Environmental Sciences
Program: Environmental Sciences
Advisor: Guzman-Novoa, Ernesto

Abstract
Little is known about the effects of sublethal doses of neonicotinoids on honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) behaviors and mortality, and whether those effects are altered with parasitism by V. destructor. This study examined the effects of multiple exposures to field-realistic sublethal doses of clothianidin with and without V. destructor on adult bees and newly emerged bees treated as larvae. For adult exposure, memory retention decreased with each stressor alone, but weight and sugar consumption decreased only by the effect of V. destructor. For larval exposure, haemocyte counts increased with clothianidin but decreased with V. destructor, clothianidin reduced hygienic behavior and the number of foraging trips of the adults that emerged. Interactions between the stressors were observed as decreased weight of newly emerged bees with larval exposure, an increased mortality in adult bees, and a decreased intense grooming behavior with adult exposure. The relative expression of several immune and neural related honey bee genes showed an interaction between the stressors using two-way ANOVA in many cases. Also, the dose response of gene expression often revealed a non-linear pattern, implying hormesis, although hormesis was not detected for any of the biological measurements. For example, AmpUf68 expression in newly emerged bees showed an interaction between the stressors with a J-shaped dose response to clothianidin and no dose response to clothianidin plus V. destructor, while AmDef-2 expression in adults showed an interaction between stressors with an inverted U-shaped dose response to clothianidin and a sigmoidal dose response to clothianidin plus V. destructor. RNAseq analysis of bees with the highest sublethal doses of clothianidin with and without V. destructor showed no changes in the magnitude of expression but reduced numbers of differentially expressed genes with the combined stressors compared to each stressor alone. However, novel differentially expressed genes were also observed with the combined stressors. The combined stressors appeared to both change and inhibit the numbers of differentially expressed genes compared to each stressor alone. In general, clothianidin and V. destructor have different effects on bee health and behavior that was only rarely affected when combined, whereas gene expression mostly had reduced and unpredictable, rather than additive, effects with the combined stressors.

URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10214/12547
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12547
 
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