| A Biometrical Study
of the Influence of Size of Brood Cell Upon the Size and Variability
of the Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) by Roy A. Grout, 1931 |
| EXPERIMENTAL 2. The variability of the worker bee as influenced by size of brood cell. In Table 4 are presented the correlation coefficients of measurements taken on the parts of the worker bees from the three sizes of cells from colony 25. The measurements taken upon the individual bees are given in column 1. Sizes of cell is designated in the second column. In the third column are presented the correlation coefficients of length of right fore wing with dry weight for each size of cell. The correlation coefficients of width of right fore wing with dry weight and width of right fore wing with length of right fore wing, for each of the three sizes of cells, are given in column 4. The correlation coefficients of the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites with dry weight, with length of right fore wing and with width of right fore wing for each size of cell are given in column 5. Similarly, the correlation coefficients of length of proboscis, length of glossa, length of mentum, and the sum of the lengths of the mentum and the glossa with corresponding measurements in column 1 are given in columns 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively, for the bees from each of the three sizes of cells. Those values which are starred with one star are highly significant correlations, while those values which are starred with two stars are significant correlations but not highly so. The values which are not starred have failed to meet the requirements of significance. Significance of the correlation coefficients was determined by comparing the values obtained with significant values of "r" given in Table 16 by Wallace and Snedecor (69). Concerning the data presented in Table 4, the following assertions can be made: (1) The length of the right fore wing is significantly correlated with dry weight for the bees from all three sizes of cells, but only in the case of bees from size of cell "A" is the correlation highly significant. (2) Dry weight is highly significantly correlated with width of right fore wing in the case of bees from size of cell "A" and size of cell "B", while in the case of bees from size of cell "C" the correlation coefficient approaches significance. (3) The correlation coefficient of the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites with dry weight is highly significant in the case of the bees from size of cell "A", is significant but not highly so in the case of the bees from size "B". (4) The correlation of dry weight with length of proboscis, length of glossa, length of mentum, and the sum of the lengths of the mentum and the glossa is significant only in the case of bees from size of cell "A". (5) The correlation of length of right fore wing with width of right fore wing is highly significant. (6) The correlation of length of right fore wing with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites is significant, but not highly so in the case of the bees from the size of cell "A" and size of cell "C". The correlation coefficient in the case of bees from size of cell "B" is not significant. (7) A study of the correlation coefficients of length of right fore wing with length of proboscis and its integral parts shows a tendency for the correlation coefficients to be highly significant in the case of bees from all three sizes of cells. (8) There is no significant correlation between width of right fore wing and the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites. (9) Concerning the correlation of the width of right fore wing with length of proboscis and its integral parts, there is a tendency for the correlation coefficient to be highly significant in the case of bees from size of cell "A". In the case of the bees from size of cell "B" the tendency is for the correlation coefficient not to be significant and in the case of the bees from size of cell "C" the tendency is for the correlation coefficient to be significant but not highly so. (10) The correlation of the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites with length of proboscis and its integral parts is not significant. (11) As would be expected, the correlation of the length of proboscis with length of glossa, length of mentum and the sum of the lengths of the mentum and the glossa is highly significant. (12) Concerning the correlation between length of glossa and length is not significant. (13) As would be expected, the correlation of the sum of the lengths of the mentum and the glossa with its integral parts, namely, length of mentum and length of glossa, is highly significant. Data are presented in Table 5 concerning the correlation coefficients of measurements on bees from colony 21. The arrangement of this table is the same as that of Table 4. The measurements which have been correlated are dry weight, length of right fore wing, width of right fore wing, sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites, and length of proboscis. Similar to Table 4, those values which are highly significant correlations are starred with one star, those values which are significant but not highly so are starred with two stars, while those values which are unstarred are not significant. Concerning the data presented in Table 5, the following general assertions can be made: (1) In all three cases the correlations of dry weight with length of right fore wing, dry weight with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites and dry weight with length of proboscis are significant. (2) The correlations of length of right fore wing with width of right fore wing and length of right fore wing with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites are significant. (3) The correlation of width of right fore wing with length of proboscis is significant. (4) The following correlations are not significant: dry weight with width of right fore wing, length of right fore wing with length of proboscis, width for right fore wing with the sum of the widths of the third and fourth tergites and the sum of the width of the third and the fourth tergites with length of proboscis. In Table 6 are presented the correlation coefficients of measurements on bees from colony 18. The arrangement of this table is similar to table 4. The measurements upon which correlations have been calculated are dry weight, length of right fore wing, width of right fore wing, sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites and length of proboscis. The system for indicating the significance of correlation coefficients is the same as that used in Tables 4 and 5. Concerning the data presented in Table 6, the following general assertions can be made: (1) The correlation coefficients of dry weight with length of right fore wing, dry weight with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites, length of right fore wing with width of right fore wing and width of right fore wing with length of proboscis are significant. (2) The correlation coefficients of dry weight with width of right fore wing, dry weight with length of proboscis, length of right fore wing with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites, length of right fore wing with length of proboscis, width of right fore wing with the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites and the sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites with length of proboscis are not significant. From the data presented in Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, it is evident that the samples of bees from colony 25 are more homogeneous than the samples of bees from colony 21 and colony 18. Consequently, a further study of the variability of the worker bee as influenced by size of brood cell will be concerned with the bees from colony 25. Throughout the following presentation of data, the measurements on the parts of the bee will be designated as follows: (A) dry weight, (B) length of right foe wing, (C) width of right fore wing, (D) sum of the widths of the third and the fourth tergites and (X) the measurement upon which the regression is made. |