Just did my first winter inspection today in No. Idaho and had a larger percentage of dead outs than I have in past years. Lots of fecal matter in and outside of hives that are dear so my first thought is Nosema. I know it is not confirmed until there is an autopsy. I will get them analyzed. If it is nosema, is there anything I can do in the winter months? We had a couple of mild days but the cold is coming back Thursday. Most of the dead outs still had considerable stores of honey so I assume the problem caught them early. Other hives had lots of bees and were in the top boxes.

Any suggestions/thoughts are always appreciated.

Thanks in advance.