The Honey Bee Parasite Nosema ceranae: Transmissible via Food Exchange?

Nosema ceranae goes undetected because so few beekeepers dissect bees to test.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:...l.pone.0043319

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key words nosema ceranae
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Basically says that infected foragers pass nosema ceranae on to younger bees in the nectar.

http://www.plosone.org/article/info%...l.pone.0043319

Actually it says much more than that. It recognizes that Nosema results in greater hunger, greater food exchange between workers, and most importantly it is nearly impossible to detect without dissection.

Here is a similar study.
Behavioral changes mediated by hunger in honeybees infected with Nosema ceranae p. 595
Dhruba Naug and Ann Gibbs
Published online: 17 June 2009
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido/2009039
Abstract | Full HTML | PDF (133.2 KB) | References