From: cslade777@aol.com
Date:
Sat, 30 Dec 2000 20:43:16 EST
To: BiologicalBeekeeping@egroups.com
Subject:
Re: Observations.

I can't resist adding my two penn'orth to the conversation between David and
Dee on the matter of yellow bees being successful in a cold climate.

Wintering ability depends not only on external matters such as weather, hive
position and type, interference by the beekeeper and other predators, but
also to some extent on the genetically induced behavioral and physical
characteristics of the bees. Colour of the abdomen is only one among many
characteristics that may contribute to relative success or failure in a cold
climate. Others may include shape of brood nest; inclination to store pollen
and where it is stored, ditto honey; early/late brood rearing, resistance to
pests and diseases, longevity. There are probably many others also but these
are the ones that spring to mind.

A black abdomen may also be an advantage. If anyone wants to prove this take
a black bee and a yellow bee, put them in the fridge for half an hour to cool
down to the same temperature. Then place them side by side in a sunny window
and see which flies first. If you're feeling really scientific you can put a
stop watch on them and draw graphs to quantify the difference.

This may give black bees a marginal advantage when gathering early pollen
from willows on cool days. On the other hand, bees that are really well
adapted for cold climates may have stored enough pollen not to need to go
outside on chancy days or will delay the expansion of the brood nest until
the sun rises a critical few degrees higher in the sky.

I don't see that blackness is a great help when in the winter cluster.
Pilosity (hairiness) is probably more helpful then.

I don't have access to Cooper's The Honeybees of the British Isles at the
moment so I can't quote directly but I remember he mentioned that while
somebody was selecting his bees by colour, the bees themselves were selecting
for all the other characteristics of Amm which made them successful in our
part of the world. It is possible that something of that sort is happening
with Dave's bees if he is selecting from his survivors.

Isn't email wonderful in that we can hold a conversation over 3 countries and
2 continents?

I wish a happy end and beginning to the millennium to all.

Chris